Cassava is a perennial woody shrub with an edible root, which grows in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Cassava originated from tropical America and was first introduced into Africa in the Congo basin by the Portuguese around 1558. Today, cassava supports the livelihood of over 300 million Africans.
It is rich in carbohydrates, calcium, vitamins B and C, and essential minerals. However, nutrient composition differs according to variety and age of the harvested crop, and soil conditions, climate, and other environmental factors during cultivation. It is valued for its resilience to harsh conditions and versatility in culinary uses, such as in making fufu, garri, and tapioca.
As of 2022, Nigeria was the largest producer of fresh cassava in Africa. That year, the country produced the root crop in a volume exceeding 60.8 million metric tons. This was followed by the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Ghana, with outputs reaching around 48.8 million metric tons and 25.6 million metric tons, respectively.
Top 10 Cassava Producing Countries in Africa for the year 2022
- Nigeria: Leading the continent, Nigeria produced an impressive 60,835,539.96 tons of cassava in 2022. This substantial output underscores the country’s reliance on cassava as a vital food source and its role in the agricultural economy.
- Democratic Republic of the Congo: With a production of 487,746,23 tons, the Democratic Republic of the Congo is the second largest producer. Cassava is a crucial staple for both rural and urban populations in the country.
- Ghana: Ghana’s cassava production reached 25,592,014.08 tons in 2022. The crop plays a significant role in the country's food systems and local economies, supporting numerous smallholder farmers.
- Angola: Producing 10,547,506 tons, Angola ranks fourth. Cassava is integral to the diets of many Angolans, contributing to food security and rural livelihoods.
- Mozambique: In 2022, Mozambique produced 6,466,857 tons of cassava. The crop is vital for food and income, particularly in rural areas where it is grown by many small scale farmers.
- United Republic of Tanzania: Tanzania’s cassava production stood at 6,354,438.68 tons. The crop's adaptability to various climatic conditions makes it a reliable food source across the country.
- Côte d’ivoire: Cote d'ivoire produced 6,300,000 tons of cassava in 2022. The crop is an essential component of the Ivorian diet, especially in rural communities.
- Cameroon: With a production of 6,267,574,33 tons, Cameroon is a significant cassava producer. The crop is used in various traditional dishes and supports the livelihoods of many farmers.
- Malawi: Malawi produced 6,239,912.01 tons of cassava in 2022, It is a key food crop, helping to ensure food security for many Malawian families.
- Benin: Benin’s cassava production was 4,350,053.57 tons. The crop is crucial for food and economic stability, providing sustenance and income for the Benin’s.